How do parents talk to their kids about the flooding in Central Texas?

First, allow the child to approach you and see what type of questions they have. Let them speak freely and stick to age-appropriate facts, while also validating their emotions or what they might be expressing.

You do not want to give them too much information or detail because they may become more overwhelmed, stressed, and anxious about the situation.

How do you make your child feel comfortable approaching you with their concerns and emotions?

We always want the child to approach us without us putting our perspective into the situation. I would try sitting at the table together, bringing out what they love best. For example, a 5-year-old might like to color, or a 12-year-old may enjoy crafting. Let them take part in the activity and ask them how they feel about the recent events.

 If they do bring it up, this is when you can put them at ease by talking through their feelings. You can tell them, "Okay. Let's do this activity together and as we're doing this activity, let's express how we are feeling."    

Let them guide the conversation. Listening and answering questions age appropriately while reassuring them.

Why is it important to have conversations with your children?

We must talk to them because not talking about it can cause trauma, distress, anxiety and even PTSD. Children might see the news and reflect on themselves, thinking, "It could happen to me."

Parents and caregivers should explain that you are there for them. If the child is going to camp and has concerns, families can come up with a plan to offer reassurance.

What should parents do if their child is worried, but they, too, are grappling with their own emotions?

If you are not ready to have the conversation, we can assist them or have the other parent/ caregiver step in.  It is always great to have someone who is calm and collected, rather than someone who is anxious, overwhelmed and distressed, because you will just pass on that anxiety to the child.

Cook Children’s wants to reassure parents and caregivers that you are not alone. If you are not ready to have the conversation, you can seek professional help.  Learn more about Cook Children's behavioral health services or to schedule an appointment for your child, contact 682-885-3917.

When should you seek out professional help?

 If your child is having symptoms:

• Loss of appetite
• Feelings of overwhelm
• Feelings of helplessness
• Jittery
• Difficulty concentrating
• They are not able to do their daily routine.

Learn more about Cook Children's resources online and behavioral health services.  Families can access mental health resources 24/7 through MHMR by calling 1-800-866-2465.

In the wake of mass shootings in Buffalo, Uvalde and Tulsa, many parents and caregivers will be faced with questions and emotions from their children. 

Two mental health and trauma experts, Kia Carter, M.D., and Cameron Brown, D.Min., M.Div., BSSW, join Kristen Pyrc, M.D., and Wini King in the latest episode of the Raising Joy podcast. They share how parents and caregivers can support their children and themselves during these incredibly difficult times.

Dr. Carter is the medical director of inpatient Psychiatry at Cook Children’s Medical Center and recounts the discussion she had with her own young daughter after the Uvalde school shooting. She advises parents to talk to their children about events like the shooting in Uvalde, and revisit the conversation often.

Dr. Brown is a chaplain at Cook Children’s and served as a firefighter with the Fort Worth Fire Department for more than 30 years. Her expertise is caring for the caretakers, such as the first responders and emergency room staff who witness tragedies involving children. She was also a first responder on the scene of the Wedgewood Baptist Church shooting in Fort Worth in 1999, which killed seven people and wounded an additional seven.

Raising Joy is part of Cook Children’s Health Care System’s JOY Campaign, a communications initiative aimed at preventing youth suicides. For more information about the JOY Campaign, visit cookchildrens.org/joy.

New episodes of the Raising Joy podcast will be available each Tuesday. It is currently available on all major streaming platforms including Apple, Spotify, Google Podcasts and YouTube.

RELATED: Uvalde School Shooting: Cook Children's Experts Share How Parents Can Discuss Tragedy, Support Their Children

Our hearts are broken and hurting for the children, teachers, adults and their loved ones affected by the devastating school shooting in Uvalde. We want to help parents and caregivers as they navigate these tough conversations and emotions.

Kia Carter, M.D., Kristen Pyrc, M.D., and Lisa Elliott, Ph.D., of the Cook Children’s Behavioral Health team discuss what parents and caregivers should know and keep in mind.

What should parents say if their children ask them about what happened in Uvalde?

Dr. Pyrc: I think it is important for parents to be honest with their kids in an age-appropriate way when they ask questions about world events. Kids have a way of asking questions that we as adults don’t have answers to. What helps me is to pause, take a breath, and ask a question like ‘well, what makes you ask that?’  Their answer can tell you what they are curious about or scared of and help guide that conversation.

Dr. Elliott: It is extremely important for parents to be open with their children and be willing to talk. Talking with your child about frightening and scary things helps reduce and manage fear. It helps them to know that their parents empathize and care about their feelings and thoughts.

Children are more anxious when they are dealing with the unknown in general so parents need to be role models to help them feel secure and safe and model sharing of feelings.  It is always better to address subjects directly rather than avoid them and be willing to start the conversation. Your child needs to know that you want to know how they are coping and that you care about them. 

Reassure and reinforce safety and security. If possible, share what you know about what your child’s school does to ensure their safety. And always be truthful – that builds and reinforces a foundation of trust. Answer questions that fit their developmental age and if you do not know an answer, it is OK to be honest, but then do what you can to help find an answer.

An additional side note that is important – kids take their cues from us as parents. They need to see that we care, and it is OK for them to see us express/experience emotion and show them that it is normal after tragic events, but we do not want to overwhelm them with our emotions. We need to model for them how to engage in healthy self-care.  

How do parents avoid feeling numb to this?

Dr. Pyrc: I am heartbroken this morning that I have to send my kid to school.

Dr. Carter: Parents are having to cope with this tragedy just as much as kids are and it's important that parents also process their feelings with other adults, support/communicate with their child's school staff and open up about their feelings and concerns. 

This is a good time to participate in school board meetings, PTA/PTO organizations and maybe forming/joining a parent support group so that parents can feel their voices are being heard and so they can have others to relate to that are dealing with similar feelings. It's also important to be a model for your child but also acknowledge and validate that some of the feelings your child is having are the same that a parent and adult can have. This is a great time to model how to deal with traumatic experiences and model that being open and talking about it can be helpful for everyone.

How does a parent reassure their kids when I can’t reassure myself that everything will be OK?

Dr. Elliott: This one is hard. We can’t guarantee to ourselves, let alone our children, that nothing bad will happen. We can provide reassurance that these tragic events are relatively rare and that we will do everything we can to keep them safe. Our children do take their cues from us and if they see us as highly anxious they will feel more anxiety. Do your best not to project your fears onto your children. It is critical we engage in and model self-care.

Dr. Pyrc: For young elementary-age kids, they are pretty concrete so reminding them of your school's safety features, which may include locked doors and a school safety officer who will protect you, can be helpful. If my daughter is anxious, I will probably walk her to the door of the school where she knows the doors will lock and pick her up after school to help. Older kids will poke holes in the logic that locked doors and a safety officer can keep kids safe, and I think it’s important to acknowledge that. I would walk them through worst-case scenarios and problem-solve the best way to get themselves to safety. Even though most parents will feel overwhelmed by this conversation, honestly as they should, I think it’s important to remain calm ourselves because our kids will look to us to determine how much anxiety they should have.

What are the different responses for elementary-aged children vs teens and high schoolers?

Dr. Elliott: As noted above, parents need to be willing to talk about this, even if that means they bring the conversation up. Bringing up the subject may be different for different ages.

With middle school and high school kids, it is often best to ask them directly. Share that you care and want to know what they know about the event, how they feel and how you can help.

With elementary school kids, you may have to share that something tragic has happened, ask if other students/friends are talking about it and encourage them to talk to you.  For young children, it is best to be brief and give limited or simple information – answer their questions but do not give too many specifics or too much detail.   

Should parents bring this up to children, if they don’t ask?

Dr. Elliott: I believe so. It is a guarantee that kids are talking about this, it will be all over social media and on nonstop news – so yes bring it up. And talking about news – every piece of research and experts will all tell you to limit exposure to media – and this is true for all ages. We know from trauma research that violent images can cause secondary trauma. And parents need to model that as well by limiting their exposure. It is also important to be mindful of adult conversations – kids are listening all the time.

Dr. Pyrc: I think this honestly depends on the age and temperament of the kid. I don’t know that telling a preschooler makes a ton of sense and would instead ask them when they got home from school how their day went and if they heard anything scary at school. I think if they are 10 or older, you have to tell them because they will hear about it from classmates. By communicating the events in a calm way, you get to support your kid and answer any questions they may have.

Can you talk about how parents should take care of themselves in order to help their kids?

Dr. Carter: Parents have to remember that in order to be the best parent to their child, parents have to take care of themselves first. This is just like the airplane scenario with oxygen masks where parents are told to put their masks on first and then help their child. 

It's important to find effective ways to cope during tragedy, which may include speaking with other parents at school, forming/joining a parent support group, and leaning on family members for support. Also exercising, meditation, and continuing your prayer/religious practices help relieve stress. Speak with their child's school counselor for advice on resources or books on supporting yourself and your family through a school-related tragedy.

Dr. Pyrc: I think it’s very important that parents acknowledge their own anxiety about sending their kids to school today and sadness about what happened. Sometimes when we have a national tragedy, there will be 24/7 news coverage of the event. It’s easy to obsess about all of the details and be glued to our TV or phone, but I don’t think this is helpful for our mental health. I would put a time limit on the amount of time I spend reading up on the event. When your mind wanders back to questions about the event, remind yourself that you have 20 min after dinner to read up, and after you catch up on the event, put down your phone and connect with people you love.

There has been a lot going on in the world, such as war, the pandemic, mass shootings and inflation. Can you talk about how important it is to empathize with your children, even if you might not have all the answers to a tragedy like this?

Dr. Elliott:  I have used this story/example so many times when I have worked with children/teens who have witnessed or experienced tragic events from school shootings to tornados. It is the story that Fred Rogers from Mister Rogers shared about his mother. She told him to “always look for the helpers” in times of sorrow, tragedy, fear and anxiety because if you see the helpers you know there is hope.

Dr. Pyrc: The best thing you can do for yourself and your family is to connect with them, tell them you love them, and hold them a little tighter because we are grateful they were able to come home.

Ways to help and ways to find support:

National Parent Helpline run by Parents Anonymous to get emotional support from a trained advocate: 1-855-427-2736

Tragedies such as these highlight the importance of donating blood. Giving blood supports nearby hospitals and rebuilds their supply for patients. Click here to sign up to donate blood at your local Carter BloodCare. 

The next blood drive at Cook Children's is set from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. on Tuesday, June 14. Register for a time slot here.

Information from the National Association of School Psychologists about tips for administrators and how parents can talk to children about violence.

It was the nation's deadliest school shooting since a gunman attacked an elementary school in Newtown, Conn., more than five years ago.

What makes the news more tragic is that these were students, and children, who were killed by a fellow student. By the time your child returns home from school today, he or she may have questions about this tragic event.

So how do you talk to your child about the shooting?

Joy Crabtree, Psy.D, a licensed psychologist for Cook Children’s Behavioral Health in Southlake, said parents must set the example for their children to follow. Crabtree encourages a discussion of the events, but only if your youngest children have learned about the incident elsewhere. If they haven’t heard about it, don’t share information with them. If they already know about it, answer their questions and most importantly, reassure them.

Crabtree said that in the cases such as what’s currently in the news, parents need to think through whether their child can handle any news about it at all. Depending on their age and maturity level, it might be best to shield children from the news entirely.

“Parents have to stay calm and cannot be glued to the TV,” Crabtree said. “If you have an elementary-aged child, and they haven’t learned the news, there’s certainly no reason to sit down with them and show them the story. There’s no need to cause fear in your children. By the time children are 7 or 8 years old, they can distinguish fact from fiction and will understand the consequences of what they are watching. If they have heard about it, take as much time as needed to sit down with them and have a discussion/answer session, providing reassurance and support. Answer their questions, but only their questions. There’s no need to add more information that may scare them even more.”

For older children, such as middle school and high school, Crabtree encourages parents to again determine if their child is mature enough to handle the information. If parents feel they can handle it, use the DVR as your friend during the news. Watch it with your child and pause the TV to answer questions. Gauge your child’s emotions and turn the TV off if your child becomes too emotional or the news is too intense.

Children may not understand the distance of the events on TV, make sure to calm their fears and let them know they are safe. If they continue to be fearful of their own safety, it may be helpful to get out a map and show them how far away they are from the incident that happened today. You can reassure them that the police have the situation under control.

“This news can be very scary to many children,” said Crabtree. “Parents need to realize this can really raise anxiety levels. They may feel that if it can happen there, it can happen anywhere. I can’t stress enough the importance of just being there for your child right now to support them, listen to them, and reassure them. Again, for younger children, only discuss it if they are already aware of the situation.”

Teens may have more questions and concerns because they can find information on the Web and discuss it with their friends at school. The event may hit even closer to home because they may be fans of the artists who were performing at the festival. They may have been to some of their concerts themselves and think, “that could have been me.” They may wonder why something like this happens. Share with your child your own fears and anxieties about the events. Let them know it’s Ok to feel scared or frustrated, but it cannot overtake them. Also, share with them ways that they may help by donating monetarily or giving blood in some instances. Sometimes when tragedy happens it helps them to work through their anxiety by becoming active and helping others.

Listen to your teen, or older child, regarding their fears and concerns. How an adult manages their own feelings can also provide a positive example for them.

Crabtree advises parents to watch to see if their children restrict activity, for instance if they don’t want to go to school or to the playground because it is too far away from home, or simply because they are afraid. Also notice if your child becomes withdrawn or more clingy than usual, and constantly wants to sleep in your bed. For older kids, if you see them avoiding social events, or larger gatherings, that might be something to discuss.

“It is common for children to have a mild fear, but if you see an overwhelming fear, it’s important to start by talking to their pediatrician,” Crabtree said. “If it continues to be a concern, then it may be time to get professional help.”